In Ethiopia, new settlement forms are emerging consequent to the nation's rapid urbanization and horizontal expansion of the urban centres. The growing significance of secondary and small cities and towns and the rapid proliferation of peri-urban settlements are among these new urban forms. Peri-urbanization became the dominant form of spatial transformations at the peripheries, which resulted in a severe state-community conflicts yielding resistance to urban growth and planning and protests that grew into deadly violence.<eng>
